The Costs and Benefits of Gambling
Gambling is a risky activity where people stake something of value, such as money or possessions, in the hope of winning a prize. It can happen in many places and ways, such as casinos, race tracks, church halls and even on the Internet. Some people gamble only to make money, while others do it for fun or as a hobby. Regardless of the reasons, gambling has both negative and positive impacts on society.
Negative impacts of gambling include a wide range of costs and harms. Among the most significant costs are those related to family, work and health. Another serious issue is the high risk of addiction. Statistically, about 5% of those who begin gambling develop an addiction, which is a condition defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as a persistent pattern of behavior characterized by loss of control. The highest vulnerability is found in young adults and men, who are more likely to become addicted to gambling than women and children.
Other costs are monetary, such as losses or increased gambling expenses. Intangible social costs, such as loss of quality of life and disconnection from friends and family, also are associated with gambling. These are known as external costs. At the societal/community level, positive benefits are seen in increased gambling revenues that are partly directed to public services and other community initiatives. Gambling research can be conducted using a variety of approaches, including a health-related quality of life (HRQL) weighting approach that assigns a dollar amount to intangible harms and tries to discover the long-term cost of gambling.